結(jié)構(gòu)介紹

之前分享過一篇安卓UI測試，但是沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)與代碼分離，后期維護(hù)成本較高，所以最近抽空優(yōu)化了一下。不想看文章得可以直接去Github，歡迎拍磚大致結(jié)構(gòu)如下：

testyaml管理用例，實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)與代碼分離，一個(gè)模塊一個(gè)文件夾

public 存放公共文件，如讀取配置文件、啟動(dòng)appium服務(wù)、讀取Yaml文件、定義日志格式等

page 存放最小測試用例集，一個(gè)模塊一個(gè)文件夾

results 存放測試報(bào)告及失敗截圖

logs 存放日志

testcase 存放測試用例runtest.py 運(yùn)行所有測試用例

yaml格式介紹

首先看下yaml文件的格式，之前也寫過一點(diǎn)關(guān)于yaml語法學(xué)習(xí)的文章testcase部分是重點(diǎn)，其中：

element_info：定位元素信息

find_type：屬性，id、xpath、text、ids

operate_type: click、sendkeys、back、swipe_up 為back就是返回，暫時(shí)就四種

上面三個(gè)必填，operate_type必填!!!!!!

send_content：send_keys 時(shí)用到

index：ids時(shí)用到

times: 返回次數(shù)或者上滑次數(shù)

testinfo: - id: cm001 title: 新增終端門店 execute: 1testcase: - element_info: 客戶 find_type: text operate_type: click - element_info: com.fiberhome.waiqin365.client:id/cm_topbar_tv_right find_type: id operate_type: click - element_info: com.fiberhome.waiqin365.client:id/custview_id_singletv_inputtext find_type: ids operate_type: send_keys send_content: auto0205 index: 0 - element_info: find_type: operate_type: swipe_up times: 1 - element_info: 提交 find_type: text operate_type: click - element_info: find_type: operate_type: back times: 1

代碼部分

公共部分

個(gè)人覺得核心的就是公共部分，相當(dāng)于建房子，公共部分搞好了，后面僅僅是調(diào)用即可，建房子把架子搭好，后面就添磚加瓦吧。

讀取配置文件readconfig.py設(shè)置日志格式logs.py獲取設(shè)備GetDevices.py這幾個(gè)通用的就不做介紹了

讀取yaml文件 GetYaml.py主要用來讀取yaml文件

#coding=utf-8#author=’Shichao-Dong’ import sysreload(sys)sys.setdefaultencoding(’utf8’)import yamlimport codecs class getyaml: def __init__(self,path): self.path = path def getYaml(self): ’’’ 讀取yaml文件 :param path: 文件路徑 :return: ’’’ try: f = open(self.path) data =yaml.load(f) f.close() return data except Exception: print(u'未找到y(tǒng)aml文件') def alldata(self): data =self.getYaml() return data def caselen(self): data = self.alldata() length = len(data[’testcase’]) return length def get_elementinfo(self,i): data = self.alldata() # print data[’testcase’][i][’element_info’] return data[’testcase’][i][’element_info’] def get_findtype(self,i): data = self.alldata() # print data[’testcase’][i][’find_type’] return data[’testcase’][i][’find_type’] def get_operate_type(self,i): data = self.alldata() # print data[’testcase’][i][’operate_type’] return data[’testcase’][i][’operate_type’] def get_index(self,i): data = self.alldata() if self.get_findtype(i)==’ids’: return data[’testcase’][i][’index’] else: pass def get_send_content(self,i): data = self.alldata() # print data[’testcase’][i][’send_content’] if self.get_operate_type(i) == ’send_keys’: return data[’testcase’][i][’send_content’] else: pass def get_backtimes(self,i): data = self.alldata() if self.get_operate_type(i)==’back’ or self.get_operate_type(i)==’swipe_up’: return data[’testcase’][i][’times’] else: pass def get_title(self): data = self.alldata() # print data[’testinfo’][0][’title’] return data[’testinfo’][0][’title’]

啟動(dòng)appium服務(wù) StartAppiumServer.py主要是啟動(dòng)appium并返回端口port,這個(gè)port在下面的driver中需要

#coding=utf-8#author=’Shichao-Dong’ from logs import logimport random,timeimport platformimport osfrom GetDevices import devices log = log()dev = devices().get_deviceName() class Sp: def __init__(self, device): self.device = device def __start_driver(self, aport, bpport): ''' :return: ''' if platform.system() == ’Windows’: import subprocess subprocess.Popen('appium -p %s -bp %s -U %s' %(aport, bpport, self.device), shell=True) def start_appium(self): ''' 啟動(dòng)appium p:appium port bp:bootstrap port :return: 返回appium端口參數(shù) ''' aport = random.randint(4700, 4900) bpport = random.randint(4700, 4900) self.__start_driver(aport, bpport) log.info( ’start appium :p %s bp %s device:%s’ % (aport, bpport, self.device)) time.sleep(10) return aport def main(self): ''' :return: 啟動(dòng)appium ''' return self.start_appium() def stop_appium(self): ’’’ 停止appium :return: ’’’ if platform.system() == ’Windows’: os.popen('taskkill /f /im node.exe') if __name__ == ’__main__’: s = Sp(dev) s.main()

獲取driver GetDriver.pyplatformName、deviceName、appPackage、appActivity這些卸載配置文件config.ini文件中，可以直接通過readconfig.py文件讀取獲得。appium_port有StartAppiumServer.py文件返回

s = Sp(deviceName)appium_port = s.main() def mydriver(): desired_caps = { ’platformName’:platformName,’deviceName’:deviceName, ’platformVersion’:platformVersion, ’appPackage’:appPackage,’appActivity’:appActivity, ’unicodeKeyboard’:True,’resetKeyboard’:True,’noReset’:True } try: driver = webdriver.Remote(’http://127.0.0.1:%s/wd/hub’%appium_port,desired_caps) time.sleep(4) log.info(’獲取driver成功’) return driver except WebDriverException: print ’No driver’ if __name__ == '__main__': mydriver()

重新封裝find等命令，BaseOperate.py里面主要是一些上滑、返回、find等一些基礎(chǔ)操作

#coding=utf-8#author=’Shichao-Dong’ from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWaitfrom logs import logimport osimport time ’’’一些基礎(chǔ)操作：滑動(dòng)、截圖、點(diǎn)擊頁面元素等’’’ class BaseOperate: def __init__(self,driver): self.driver = driver def back(self): ’’’ 返回鍵 :return: ’’’ os.popen('adb shell input keyevent 4') def get_window_size(self): ’’’ 獲取屏幕大小 :return: windowsize ’’’ global windowSize windowSize = self.driver.get_window_size() return windowSize def swipe_up(self): ’’’ 向上滑動(dòng) :return: ’’’ windowsSize = self.get_window_size() width = windowsSize.get('width') height = windowsSize.get('height') self.driver.swipe(width/2, height*3/4, width/2, height/4, 1000) def screenshot(self): now=time.strftime('%y%m%d-%H-%M-%S') PATH = lambda p: os.path.abspath( os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), p) ) screenshoot_path = PATH(’../results/screenshoot/’) self.driver.get_screenshot_as_file(screenshoot_path+now+’.png’) def find_id(self,id): ’’’ 尋找元素 :return: ’’’ exsit = self.driver.find_element_by_id(id) if exsit : return True else: return False def find_name(self,name): ’’’ 判斷頁面是否存在某個(gè)元素 :param name: text :return: ’’’ findname = '//*[@text=’%s’]'%(name) exsit = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(findname) if exsit : return True else: return False def get_name(self,name): ’’’ 定位頁面text元素 :param name: :return: ’’’ # element = driver.find_element_by_name(name) # return element findname = '//*[@text=’%s’]'%(name) try: element = WebDriverWait(self.driver, 10).until(lambda x: x.find_element_by_xpath(findname)) # element = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(findname) self.driver.implicitly_wait(2) return element except: self.screenshot() log.error(’未定位到元素：’+’%s’)%(name) def get_id(self,id): ’’’ 定位頁面resouce-id元素 :param id: :return: ’’’ try: element = WebDriverWait(self.driver, 10).until(lambda x: x.find_element_by_id(id)) # element = self.driver.find_element_by_id(id) self.driver.implicitly_wait(2) return element except: self.screenshot() log.error(’未定位到元素：’+’%s’)%(id) def get_xpath(self,xpath): ’’’ 定位頁面xpath元素 :param id: :return: ’’’ try: element = WebDriverWait(self.driver, 10).until(lambda x: x.find_element_by_xpath(xpath)) # element = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(xpath) self.driver.implicitly_wait(2) return element except: self.screenshot() log.error(’未定位到元素：’+’%s’)%(xpath) def get_ids(self,id): ’’’ 定位頁面resouce-id元素組 :param id: :return:列表 ’’’ try: # elements = self.driver.find_elements_by_id(id) elements = WebDriverWait(self.driver, 10).until(lambda x: x.find_elements_by_id(id)) self.driver.implicitly_wait(2) return elements except: self.screenshot() log.error(’未定位到元素：’+’%s’)%(id) def page(self,name): ’’’ 返回至指定頁面 :return: ’’’ i=0 while i<10: i=i+1 try: findname = '//*[@text=’%s’]'%(name) self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(findname) self.driver.implicitly_wait(2) break except : os.popen('adb shell input keyevent 4') try: findname = '//*[@text=’確定’]' self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(findname).click() self.driver.implicitly_wait(2) except: os.popen('adb shell input keyevent 4') try: self.driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@text=’工作臺(tái)’]') self.driver.implicitly_wait(2) break except: os.popen('adb shell input keyevent 4')

Operate.py我認(rèn)為最關(guān)鍵的一步了，后面沒有page都是調(diào)用這個(gè)文件進(jìn)行測試，主要是根據(jù)讀取的yaml文件，然后進(jìn)行if...else...判斷，根據(jù)對(duì)應(yīng)的operate_type分別進(jìn)行對(duì)應(yīng)的click、sendkeys等操作

#coding=utf-8#author=’Shichao-Dong’ from GetYaml import getyamlfrom BaseOperate import BaseOperate class Operate: def __init__(self,path,driver): self.path = path self.driver = driver self.yaml = getyaml(self.path) self.baseoperate=BaseOperate(driver) def check_operate_type(self): ’’’ 讀取yaml信息并執(zhí)行 element_info：定位元素信息 find_type：屬性，id、xpath、text、ids operate_type: click、sendkeys、back、swipe_up 為back就是返回，暫時(shí)就三種 上面三個(gè)必填，operate_type必填!!!!!! send_content：send_keys 時(shí)用到 index：ids時(shí)用到 times: :return: ’’’ for i in range(self.yaml.caselen()): if self.yaml.get_operate_type(i) == ’click’: if self.yaml.get_findtype(i) == ’text’: self.baseoperate.get_name(self.yaml.get_elementinfo(i)).click() elif self.yaml.get_findtype(i) == ’id’: self.baseoperate.get_id(self.yaml.get_elementinfo(i)).click() elif self.yaml.get_findtype(i) == ’xpath’: self.baseoperate.get_xpath(self.yaml.get_elementinfo(i)).click() elif self.yaml.get_findtype(i) == ’ids’: self.baseoperate.get_ids(self.yaml.get_elementinfo(i))[self.yaml.get_index(i)].click() elif self.yaml.get_operate_type(i) == ’send_keys’: if self.yaml.get_findtype(i) == ’text’: self.baseoperate.get_name(self.yaml.get_elementinfo(i)).send_keys(self.yaml.get_send_content(i)) elif self.yaml.get_findtype(i) == ’id’: self.baseoperate.get_id(self.yaml.get_elementinfo(i)).send_keys(self.yaml.get_send_content(i)) elif self.yaml.get_findtype(i) == ’xpath’: self.baseoperate.get_xpath(self.yaml.get_elementinfo(i)).send_keys(self.yaml.get_send_content(i)) elif self.yaml.get_findtype(i) == ’ids’: self.baseoperate.get_ids(self.yaml.get_elementinfo(i))[self.yaml.get_index(i)].send_keys(self.yaml.get_send_content(i)) elif self.yaml.get_operate_type(i) == ’back’: for n in range(self.yaml.get_backtimes(i)): self.baseoperate.back() elif self.yaml.get_operate_type(i) == ’swipe_up’: for n in range(self.yaml.get_backtimes(i)): self.baseoperate.swipe_up() def back_home(self): ’’’ 返回至工作臺(tái) :return: ’’’ self.baseoperate.page(’工作臺(tái)’)

公共部分的代碼就介紹這么多，在編寫這個(gè)框架的時(shí)候，大部分精力都花在這部分，所以個(gè)人覺得還是值得好好研究的

Page部分

page部分是最小用例集，一個(gè)模塊一個(gè)文件夾，以客戶為例，目前寫了兩個(gè)用例，一個(gè)新增，一個(gè)排序，文件如下：

代碼如下，非常的簡潔,

import sysreload(sys)sys.setdefaultencoding(’utf8’)import codecs,osfrom public.Operate import Operatefrom public.GetYaml import getyaml PATH = lambda p: os.path.abspath( os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), p))yamlpath = PATH('../../testyaml/cm/cm-001addcm.yaml') class AddcmPage: def __init__(self,driver): self.path = yamlpath self.driver = driver self.operate = Operate(self.path,self.driver) def operateap(self): self.operate.check_operate_type() def home(self): self.operate.back_home()

運(yùn)行用例

這部分用了unittest,運(yùn)行所有測試用例和生成報(bào)告。一個(gè)模塊一個(gè)用例，以客戶為例：CmTest.py

from page.cm.CmAddcmPage import AddcmPagefrom page.cm.CmSortcmPage import SortcmPage from public.GetDriver import mydriverdriver = mydriver() import unittest,timeclass Cm(unittest.TestCase): def test_001addcm(self): ’’’ 新增客戶 :return: ’’’ add = AddcmPage(driver) add.operateap() add.home() def test_002sortcm(self): ’’’ 客戶排序 :return: ’’’ sort = SortcmPage(driver) sort.sortlist() sort.home() def test_999close(self): driver.quit() time.sleep(10) if __name__ == '__main__': unittest.main()

首先從page層將需要運(yùn)行的用例都import進(jìn)來，然后用unittest運(yùn)行即可。如果想要運(yùn)行所有的測試用例，需要用到runtest.py

import time,osimport unittestimport HTMLTestRunnerfrom testcase.CmTest import Cm def testsuit(): suite = unittest.TestSuite() suite.addTests([unittest.defaultTestLoader.loadTestsFromTestCase(Cm), ]) # runner = unittest.TextTestRunner(verbosity=2) # runner.run(suite) now=time.strftime('%y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S') PATH = lambda p: os.path.abspath( os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), p) ) dirpath = PATH('./results/waiqin365-') filename=dirpath + now +’result.html’ fp=open(filename,’wb’) runner=HTMLTestRunner.HTMLTestRunner(stream=fp,title=’waiqin365 6.0.6beta test result’,description=u’result:’) runner.run(suite) fp.close() if __name__ =='__main__': testsuit()

這邊的思路差不多，也是先導(dǎo)入再裝入suite即可

總結(jié)

就目前而言，暫時(shí)算是實(shí)現(xiàn)了數(shù)據(jù)與用例的分離，但是yaml的編寫要求較高，不能格式上出錯(cuò)。同時(shí)也有一些其他可以優(yōu)化的地方，如：

到此這篇關(guān)于python+appium+yaml移動(dòng)端自動(dòng)化測試框架實(shí)現(xiàn)詳解的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關(guān)python appium yaml 自動(dòng)化測試 內(nèi)容請(qǐng)搜索好吧啦網(wǎng)以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章希望大家以后多多支持好吧啦網(wǎng)！