從sql server中導(dǎo)入/導(dǎo)出 excel 的基本方法

/*===========; 導(dǎo)入/導(dǎo)出 excel 的基本方法 ===========*/

從excel文檔中,導(dǎo)入數(shù)據(jù)到sql數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中,很簡(jiǎn)單,直接用下面的語(yǔ)句:

/*=============================================*/--假如接受數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)入的表已存在insert into 表 select * from openrowset(microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0,excel 5.0;hdr=yes;database=c:test.xls,sheet1$)

--假如導(dǎo)入數(shù)據(jù)并生成表select * into 表 from openrowset(microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0,excel 5.0;hdr=yes;database=c:test.xls,sheet1$)

/*===========================================*/--假如從sql數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中,導(dǎo)出數(shù)據(jù)到excel,假如excel文檔已存在,而且已按照要接收的數(shù)據(jù)創(chuàng)建好表頭,就能夠簡(jiǎn)單的用:insert into openrowset(microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0,excel 5.0;hdr=yes;database=c:test.xls,sheet1$)select * from 表

--假如excel文檔不存在,也能夠用bcp來(lái)導(dǎo)成類excel的文檔,注意大小寫:--導(dǎo)出表的情況exec master..xp_cmdshell bcp 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)名.dbo.表名 out 'c:test.xls' /c -/s'服務(wù)器名' /u'用戶名' -p'密碼'

--導(dǎo)出查詢的情況exec master..xp_cmdshell bcp 'select au_fname, au_lname from pubs..authors order by au_lname' queryout 'c:test.xls' /c -/s'服務(wù)器名' /u'用戶名' -p'密碼'

/*--說(shuō)明:c:test.xls; 為導(dǎo)入/導(dǎo)出的excel文檔名.sheet1$;;;為excel文檔的工作表名,一般要加上$才能正常使用.--*/--上面已說(shuō)過(guò),用bcp導(dǎo)出的是類excel文檔,其實(shí)質(zhì)為文本文檔,

--要導(dǎo)出真正的excel文檔.就用下面的方法

/*--數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)出excel導(dǎo)出表中的數(shù)據(jù)到excel,包含字段名,文檔為真正的excel文檔,假如文檔不存在,將自動(dòng)創(chuàng)建文檔,假如表不存在,將自動(dòng)創(chuàng)建表基于通用性考慮,僅支持導(dǎo)出標(biāo)準(zhǔn)數(shù)據(jù)類型--鄒建 2003.10--*/

/*--調(diào)用示例

p_exporttb @tbname=地區(qū)資料,@path=c:,@fname=aa.xls--*/if exists (select * from dbo.sysobjects where id = object_id(n[dbo].[p_exporttb]) and objectproperty(id, nisprocedure) = 1)drop procedure [dbo].[p_exporttb]go

create proc p_exporttb@tbname sysname,;--要導(dǎo)出的表名@path nvarchar(1000),--文檔存放目錄@fname nvarchar(250)=; --文檔名,默認(rèn)為表名asdeclare @err int,@src nvarchar(255),@desc nvarchar(255),@out intdeclare @obj int,@constr nvarchar(1000),@sql varchar(8000),@fdlist varchar(8000)

--參數(shù)檢測(cè)if isnull(@fname,)= set @fname=@tbname+.xls

--檢查文檔是否已存在if right(@path,1)<> set @path=@path+create table #tb(a bit,b bit,c bit)set @sql=@path+@fnameinsert into #tb exec master..xp_fileexist @sql

--數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)創(chuàng)建語(yǔ)句set @sql=@path+@fnameif exists(select 1 from #tb where a=1)set @constr=driver={microsoft excel driver (*.xls)};dsn=;readonly=false +;create_db=';+;database=+@sql+'

--連接數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)exec @err=sp_oacreate adodb.connection,@obj outif @err<>0 goto lberr

exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,open,null,@constrif @err<>0 goto lberr

/*--假如覆蓋已存在的表,就加上下面的語(yǔ)句--創(chuàng)建之前先刪除表/假如存在的話select @sql=drop table [+@tbname+]exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,execute,@out out,@sql--*/

--創(chuàng)建表的sqlselect @sql=,@fdlist=select @fdlist=@fdlist+,[+a.name+],@sql=@sql+,[+a.name+] +case when b.name in(char,nchar,varchar,nvarchar) then text(+cast(case when a.length>255 then 255 else a.length end as varchar)+) when b.name in(tynyint,int,bigint,tinyint) then int when b.name in(smalldatetime,datetime) then datetime when b.name in(money,smallmoney) then money else b.name endfrom syscolumns a left join systypes b on a.xtype=b.xusertypewhere b.name not in(image,text,uniqueidentifier,sql_variant,ntext,varbinary,binary,timestamp)and object_id(@tbname)=idselect @sql=create table [+@tbname+](+substring(@sql,2,8000)+),@fdlist=substring(@fdlist,2,8000)exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,execute,@out out,@sqlif @err<>0 goto lberr

exec @err=sp_oadestroy @obj

--導(dǎo)入數(shù)據(jù)set @sql=openrowset(microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0,excel 5.0;hdr=yes ;database=+@path+@fname+,[+@tbname+$])

exec(insert into +@sql+(+@fdlist+) select +@fdlist+ from +@tbname)

return

lberr:exec sp_oageterrorinfo 0,@src out,@desc outlbexit:select cast(@err as varbinary(4)) as 錯(cuò)誤號(hào) ,@src as 錯(cuò)誤源,@desc as 錯(cuò)誤描述select @sql,@constr,@fdlistgo--上面是導(dǎo)表的,下面是導(dǎo)查詢語(yǔ)句的.

/*--數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)出excel導(dǎo)出查詢中的數(shù)據(jù)到excel,包含字段名,文檔為真正的excel文檔,假如文檔不存在,將自動(dòng)創(chuàng)建文檔,假如表不存在,將自動(dòng)創(chuàng)建表基于通用性考慮,僅支持導(dǎo)出標(biāo)準(zhǔn)數(shù)據(jù)類型--鄒建 2003.10--*/

/*--調(diào)用示例

p_exporttb @sqlstr=select * from 地區(qū)資料 ,@path=c:,@fname=aa.xls,@sheetname=地區(qū)資料--*/if exists (select * from dbo.sysobjects where id = object_id(n[dbo].[p_exporttb]) and objectproperty(id, nisprocedure) = 1)drop procedure [dbo].[p_exporttb]go

create proc p_exporttb@sqlstr varchar(8000),--查詢語(yǔ)句,假如查詢語(yǔ)句中使用了order by ,請(qǐng)加上top 100 percent@path nvarchar(1000),--文檔存放目錄@fname nvarchar(250),--文檔名@sheetname varchar(250)=; --要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建的工作表名,默認(rèn)為文檔名as declare @err int,@src nvarchar(255),@desc nvarchar(255),@out intdeclare @obj int,@constr nvarchar(1000),@sql varchar(8000),@fdlist varchar(8000)

--參數(shù)檢測(cè)if isnull(@fname,)= set @fname=temp.xlsif isnull(@sheetname,)= set @sheetname=replace(@fname,.,#)

--檢查文檔是否已存在if right(@path,1)<> set @path=@path+create table #tb(a bit,b bit,c bit)set @sql=@path+@fnameinsert into #tb exec master..xp_fileexist @sql

--數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)創(chuàng)建語(yǔ)句set @sql=@path+@fnameif exists(select 1 from #tb where a=1)set @constr=driver={microsoft excel driver (*.xls)};dsn=;readonly=false +;create_db=';+;database=+@sql+'

--連接數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)exec @err=sp_oacreate adodb.connection,@obj outif @err<>0 goto lberr

exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,open,null,@constrif @err<>0 goto lberr

--創(chuàng)建表的sqldeclare @tbname sysnameset @tbname=##tmp_+convert(varchar(38),newid())set @sql=select * into [+@tbname+] from(+@sqlstr+) aexec(@sql)

select @sql=,@fdlist=select @fdlist=@fdlist+,[+a.name+],@sql=@sql+,[+a.name+] +case when b.name in(char,nchar,varchar,nvarchar) then text(+cast(case when a.length>255 then 255 else a.length end as varchar)+) when b.name in(tynyint,int,bigint,tinyint) then int when b.name in(smalldatetime,datetime) then datetime when b.name in(money,smallmoney) then money else b.name endfrom tempdb..syscolumns a left join tempdb..systypes b on a.xtype=b.xusertypewhere b.name not in(image,text,uniqueidentifier,sql_variant,ntext,varbinary,binary,timestamp)and a.id=(select id from tempdb..sysobjects where name=@tbname)select @sql=create table [+@sheetname+](+substring(@sql,2,8000)+),@fdlist=substring(@fdlist,2,8000)

exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,execute,@out out,@sqlif @err<>0 goto lberr

exec @err=sp_oadestroy @obj

--導(dǎo)入數(shù)據(jù)set @sql=openrowset(microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0,excel 5.0;hdr=yes ;database=+@path+@fname+,[+@sheetname+$])

exec(insert into +@sql+(+@fdlist+) select +@fdlist+ from [+@tbname+])

set @sql=drop table [+@tbname+]exec(@sql)return

lberr:exec sp_oageterrorinfo 0,@src out,@desc outlbexit:select cast(@err as varbinary(4)) as 錯(cuò)誤號(hào) ,@src as 錯(cuò)誤源,@desc as 錯(cuò)誤描述select @sql,@constr,@fdlistgo